a growing sense of territorial divide
The charts in Amount 1 map over sixty years of social record in France. They present, for 3 crucial times (1960, 1990, and also 2019), the portion of families coming from the really higher revenue brace (left behind) and also the higher revenue brace (straight). If affluent families were actually equally circulated, these percentages will be actually 1% and also 9% specifically with all divisions: these are actually the white colored places on the charts. In truth, this isn't the instance: the hues of orange and also reddish as a result show neighborhood overrepresentation, while the hues of blue show underrepresentation. Ultimately, it must be actually taken note that the managerial location of Île-de-France has actually increased coming from 3 divisions in the very early 1960s towards 8 today.
a growing sense of territorial divide
The value of the Caen-Annecy product series in the 1960s
In 1960, the richest families in France were actually mainly organized along a product series coming from Caen towards Annecy. In the southern, the portion of really high-income families in the neighborhood populace was actually reduced, typically lower than 0.5% (our experts price quote it, as an example, at 0.1% in Lozère).
Just a couple of city or even commercial places (Rhône, Haute-Garonne, Isère, Haute-Savoie) stuck out a little. In the north, the visibility of the richest families heightened, specifically in the Paris location, where the portion arrived at 2.6% in the Seine team and also 1.6% in Seine-et-Oise, or even in the Nord team.
tumours and cancers cells tissues
Thirty years eventually, the Caen-Annecy product series has actually dropped its own relevance. Divisions where really higher revenues are actually uncommon are actually focused around the Massif Core (0.4% in Lozère). A 2nd center of really high-income families has actually made up along the Swiss perimeter (Ain, Savoie, Haute-Savoie), while the French Riviera, the primary areas of the Southwest (Toulouse, Bordeaux), and also some areas in core France (Dijon, Excursions) are actually coming to be significantly eye-catching. There's a sturdy polarization in the Île-de-France location: really higher revenues are actually very focused in Paris, Hauts-de-Seine, and also Yvelines, yet few in Seine-Saint-Denis.
